What are the major activities of an information system? Discuss briefly.

The major activities of an information system are: Input of Data Resource: This prime activity involves capturing and preparing data about business transactions and other events for processing. It includes data entry activities like recording and editing. For example, sales data can be recorded on paper forms or captured using computer keyboards/optical scanning devices with user-friendly interfaces. Processing of Data into Information: Data is subjected to processing activities such as calculating, comparing, sorting, classifying, and summarizing. These activities organize, analyze, and manipulate data, converting it into information for end users. The quality of stored data must be maintained through continuous correction and updating. For instance, purchase data can be added to sales totals, compared to standards, sorted, classified, summarized, and used to update sales records. Output of Information Products: Information in various forms is transmitted to end-users through the output activity. The goal is to produce appropriate information products like messages, reports, forms, and graphic images, delivered via video displays, audio responses, paper products, or multimedia. For example, a sales manager might view performance on a video display, receive a voice message, or get a printout of monthly sales results. Storage of Data Resource: Storage is a basic system component where data and information are retained in an organized manner for later use. Stored data is typically organized into fields, records, files, and databases, facilitating its later use in processing or retrieval as output. Control of System Performance: This important activity ensures the information system produces feedback about its input, processing, and output, and meets established performance standards. Appropriate system activities are adjusted to ensure proper information products are produced. For example, if sales report subtotals don't add up, data entry or processing procedures may need correction.