What is meant by Overseas Direct Investment (ODI) and Overseas Portfolio Investment (OPI) under Overseas Direct Investment?

According to Foreign Exchange Management (Overseas Investment) Rules, 2022, Overseas Direct Investment (ODI) means: Acquisition of any unlisted equity capital or subscription as a part of the Memorandum of Association of a foreign entity, or Investment in 10% or more of the paid-up equity capital of a listed foreign entity, or Investment with control where investment is less than 10% of the paid- up equity capital of a listed foreign entity. Overseas Portfolio Investment (OPI) means investment, other than ODI, in foreign securities, but not in any unlisted debt instruments or any security issued by a person resident in India who is not in an International a Financial Service Centre (IFSC). Provided that OPI by a person resident in India in the equity capital of a listed entity, even after its delisting shall continue to be treated as OPI until any further investment is made in the entity. Debt instruments are: Government bonds: corporate bonds: all tranches of securitisation structure which are not equity tranche: borrowings by firms through loans, and depository receipts whose underlying securities are debt securities.