Sunshine Solar Systems Private Limited operated a solar panel manufacturing plant on the outskirts of a city. As part of its operation, it stored large quantities of a dangerous chemical compound used in panel coating. I

In some torts, the defendant is liable even though the harm to the plaintiff occurred without intention or negligence on the defendant's part. The leading case on this matter is Rylands v. Fletcher (1868) L.R. 3 H.L. 330 . In this case B, a mill owner employed independent contractors, who were apparently competent to construct a reservoir on his land to provide water for his mill. There were old disused mining shafts under the site of the reservoir which the contractors failed to observe because they were filled with earth. The contractors therefore, did not block them. When the water filled in the reservoir, it bursts through the shafts and flooded the plaintiff's coal mines on the adjoining land. It was found as a fact that B did not know of the shafts and had not been negligent, though the independent contractors had been, B was held liable. The rule stated in Rylands v. Fletcher was that: "If a person brings or accumulates on his land anything which, if it should escape, may cause damage to his neighbours, he does so at his own peril. If it escapes and cause damage, he is responsible, however careful he may have been and whatever precautions he may have taken to prevent damage. He is the insurer of the safety of his neighbour against accidental harm. Such duty is absolute because it is independent of negligence on the part of the defendant or his servants. The facts of the given situation may be adjudicated on the basis of the principle laid down in the case of Rylands v. Fletcher . In these types of situations, such liability arises in cases where damage is done by the escape of dangerous substances brought or kept by anyone upon his land. In such cases, a man is made by law an insurer of others against the result of his activities. Thus, Sunshine Solar Systems Private Limited can be held as responsible to Surya for the damages under the rule of strict or absolute liability.