A young boy ran away from his father's home. His father issued a pamphlet offering a reward of ₹ 5 lakh to anybody who would bring the boy home. Arun saw the boy at a railway station and sent an e-mail to the boy's fathe

It was an offer open to the world at large and was capable to acceptance by any person who fulfilled the conditions contained in the offer. The plaintiff substantially performed the conditions and was entitled to the reward offered. A valid offer must comply with the following rules: (a) An offer must be clear, definite, complete and final. It must not be vague. For example, a promise to pay an increased price for a horse if it proves lucky to promisor, is too vague and is not binding. (b) An offer must be communicated to the offeree. An offer becomes effective only when it has been communicated to the offeree so as to give him an opportunity to accept or reject the same. (c) The communication of an offer may be made by express words-oral or written-or it may be implied by conduct. A offers his car to B for ₹ 10,000. It is an express offer. A bus plying on a definite route goes along the street. This is an implied offer on the part of the owners of the bus to carry passengers at the scheduled fares for the various stages. (d) The communication of the offer may be general or specific. Where an offer is made to a specific person it is called specific offer and it can be accepted only by that person. But when an offer is addressed to an uncertain body of individuals i.e. the world at large, it is a general offer and can be accepted by any member of the general public by fulfilling the condition laid down in the offer. The leading case on the subject is Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co.