Explain the components of a uniform resource locator (URL).

A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a uniform method of accessing a host at a specific address using a specific protocol. URLs are typically written as http://www.domain-name.extension/file name . The components of a URL are: Protocol (e.g., http://www ): This prefix denotes the web protocol (e.g., Hypertext Transfer Protocol). Domain Name: It refers to the name of the server and is usually selected to be the same as the name of the company or organization. Top-Level Domain (TLD) / Extension: It indicates the type of organization or geographical location. Important categories for top-level domains include: .com : Commercial Organisation .edu : Educational Institutions .net : Organisation involved in internet operations .org : Miscellaneous Organisations .in : Country code for India .gov : Government entities File Name: It is the name of the file hosted at the location which is to be accessed. This could be a PDF file, HTML file, image file, etc.