Distinguish between Batch Processing and Time Sharing.

Batch Processing Batch processing is execution of a series of programs ("jobs") on a computer without manual intervention. So, all input data are preselected through scripts, command-line parameters, or job control language. This is in contrast to "online" or interactive programs which prompt the user for such input. A program takes a set of data files as input, processes the data, and produces a set of output data files. This operating environment is termed as "batch processing" because the input data are collected into batches of files and are processed in batches by the program. Time Sharing Time Sharing (Multitasking System) means multiple users simultaneously using the resources of a single processor (scalability). In data processing, method of operation in which multiple users with different programs interact nearly simultaneously with the central processing unit of a large scale digital computer is termed as Time sharing. In other words, time sharing refers to the allocation of computer resources in time slots to several programs or users simultaneously. Because the central processor operates substantially faster than does most peripheral equipment, it has sufficient time to solve several discrete problems during the input/ output process. Even though the central processor addresses the problem of each user in sequence, access to and retrieval from the time sharing system seems instantaneous from the standpoint of remote terminals since the solutions are available to them the moment the problem is completely entered. Commonly used time sharing techniques include multiprocessing, parallel operation, and multiprogramming. Also, many computer networks organized for the purpose of exchanging data and resources are centered on time sharing systems. The time shared systems are more complex than the multi-programming systems. In time-shared systems multiple processes are managed simultaneously which requires an adequate management of main memory so that the processes can be swapped in or swapped out within a short time.