Vasudha Armaments Tech Ltd. (VATL) is a rapidly growing company specializing in IT solutions, custom enterprise software, and Natural food sector. Head office is in Coimbatore, with operations in Ahmedabad, Indore, and M

CS Professional · Internal and Forensic Audit · PYQS · June 2025
Vasudha Armaments Tech Ltd. (VATL) is a rapidly growing company specializing in IT solutions, custom enterprise software, and Natural food sector. Head office is in Coimbatore, with operations in Ahmedabad, Indore, and Mumbai. The company serves both commercial manufacturing clients and Natural food sector. VATL has witnessed significant growth, with revenue increasing from ₹42 crores to ₹63 crores in its technology division and from ₹300 crores to ₹850 crores in its Natural food segment over the past three years. The company's expansion has been driven by acquisitions, internal growth, and diversification into new industries. However, this rapid growth has also brought challenges related to financial controls, revenue recognition, procurement efficiency, and risk management. During the pre-audit meeting, the Managing Director expressed concerns that the company's financial controls had not kept pace with its expansion. VATL recently migrated from a legacy accounting system to a cloud-based platform, which has led to operational difficulties. Additionally, the accounts team underwent significant changes, with multiple new staff members joining during the transition. The audit planning process highlighted several key risks: 1. Revenue and Receivable Management Risks (Technology Division): Customer contracts include complex performance obligations with variable consideration clauses. Revenue recognition practices vary across the three regional offices. Collection efficiency has declined, with DSO increasing to 83 days. Around 18% of accounts receivable balances are under dispute. Significant credit notes were issued after year-end for prior period sales. The new accounting system lacks proper integration with the CRM platform. Certain key customers receive unconventional payment terms not documented in formal policies. The internal audit report flagged unusual patterns in month-end revenue recognition and inconsistencies in credit policy application. 2. Procurement and Risk Management Concerns (Natural food segment Division): VATL imports over 53% of its raw materials, requiring strict compliance with international trade regulations. Management does not receive alerts regarding undue preference given to specific vendors or excessive demands placed on single vendors. Purchases are frequently made from dealers rather than manufacturers, leading to additional costs. Internal audit has identified potential risks related to fraud, corruption, and conflicts of interest in procurement. To address these concerns, VATL's audit committee engaged BMA & Co. Chartered Accountants to conduct a comprehensive audit of revenue recognition, accounts receivable management, procurement efficiency, and internal controls. The audit team collected the following documents for verification: Revenue and Receivables Documentation (Technology Division): Sales contracts and invoices from major clients. Credit notes issued after year-end. Aging reports of accounts receivable. Integration reports from the new accounting system. Procurement Documentation (Natural food Segment Division): Purchase invoices issued by Drone System Ltd. Purchase orders placed with ABC Ltd. Transfer documents from stores to the production department. Transfer documents from the production room to the finished goods store. The audit team leader emphasized that all collected documentation should be clear, understandable, and properly classified. As a part of audit team, answer the following: Prepare a questionnaire to assess the revenue recognition process and accounts receivable management.

Answer & Explanation:

To assess revenue recognition and accounts receivable management at VATL, the audit team should focus on compliance with accounting standards, consistency in revenue recognition practices across regional offices, and the impact of disputed receivables. The questionnaire should address contractual obligations, variable consideration, credit policies, and system integration issues. Questionnaire for Revenues Recognition and Accounts Receivable Management Yes No Not Sure N/A 1 Are the following duties performed by separate individuals? Providing services Preparing billings Approving billings Receiving payments Posting, adjusting and reconciling accounts 2 To the maximum extent possible, is revenue from all eligible sources identified, recorded and collected? 3 Are billings generated in a timely manner for all services rendered, goods sold and costs incurred? 4 Are all billings promptly recorded as accounts receivable? 5 Are authorized fee schedules used for all goods and services? 6 Are billing rates and service fees reviewed periodically to ensure that all costs, including indirect costs, are recovered to the maximum extent possible? 7 Are invoices pre-numbered and accounted for? 8 Are statements of accounts regularly sent to all debtors? 9 Are billings checked for accuracy before mailing? 10 Are the outstanding balances of individual accounts receivable summarized and reconciled to the control balances on a regular basis? 11 Are credits and refunds approved by an appropriate level of authority? 12 Is an aged trial balance (i.e., a listing of receivables grouped by age: 0-30 days, 31-60 days, 60-90 days, over 90 days) prepared on a regular basis to evaluate the adequacy of the collection process and to identify old, unpaid accounts which should be pursued for collection or written-off? 13 Are overdue accounts pursued for collection and, if appropriate, referred to Central Collections or other collection agencies? 14 Are uncollectible accounts identified and submitted to the Board of Supervisors on an annual basis for discharge from accountability? 15 Are adequate provision for bad and doubtful debts has been made at the year end?

Topics: Internal Audit

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